The Tamil Renaissance was a cultural and literary movement that emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries in the Tamil-speaking regions of India, particularly in Tamil Nadu. It aimed to revive and promote Tamil language, literature, and culture, responding to colonial influences and social issues. Key figures included Subramania Bharati and E. V. Ramasamy, who advocated for social reform and the importance of Tamil heritage. This movement also emphasized education, social justice, and the empowerment of marginalized communities. It played a crucial role in fostering a sense of identity among Tamils and laid the groundwork for future political and cultural developments in the region.