Taiwan is an island located in East Asia, situated off the southeastern coast of China. It is surrounded by the Taiwan Strait to the west, the Philippine Sea to the east, and the East China Sea to the north. The island covers an area of approximately 36,000 square kilometers and features a diverse landscape, including mountains, plains, and coastal regions. The central part of Taiwan is dominated by the Central Mountain Range, which includes the island's highest peak, Yushan (Jade Mountain). The western plains are more densely populated and are home to major cities like Taipei and Kaohsiung. Taiwan's varied geography contributes to its rich biodiversity and distinct climate zones.