The Túpac Amaru II rebellion was an uprising that took place in the late 18th century in the Viceroyalty of Peru. Led by Túpac Amaru II, a descendant of the last Inca emperor, the rebellion aimed to resist Spanish colonial rule and address the grievances of indigenous people. The movement began in 1780 and sought to end oppressive taxation and forced labor. The rebellion gained significant support from various indigenous groups and mestizos, but it was ultimately suppressed by Spanish forces. Túpac Amaru II was captured and executed in 1781, but his legacy inspired future movements for indigenous rights and independence in Latin America.