Surface irrigation is a method of watering crops where water flows over the soil surface to reach the plants. This technique relies on gravity to distribute water, making it a simple and cost-effective option for farmers. It is commonly used in fields with flat terrain, where water can easily spread across the land. In surface irrigation, water can be applied in various ways, such as furrows, basins, or flood systems. This method is beneficial for crops like rice and corn, as it helps maintain soil moisture. However, it requires careful management to prevent water wastage and soil erosion.