The Sultanate of Brunei is a small, wealthy nation located on the island of Borneo in Southeast Asia. It is bordered by the South China Sea and surrounded by the Malaysian state of Sarawak. Brunei is known for its rich natural resources, particularly oil and natural gas, which contribute significantly to its economy. The country is an absolute monarchy, ruled by the Sultan of Brunei, who is both the head of state and government. Brunei has a population of around 450,000 people and is recognized for its high standard of living, extensive social welfare programs, and a unique blend of Malay culture and Islamic traditions.