Sultan Mustafa II was the 18th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, reigning from 1695 to 1703. He was born on April 6, 1664, and became sultan after the death of his brother, Sultan Ahmed II. His reign was marked by military conflicts, particularly the Great Turkish War, which resulted in significant territorial losses for the empire. During his rule, Mustafa II attempted various reforms to strengthen the empire, but faced challenges from both internal dissent and external pressures. His reign ended when he was deposed in a coup, leading to the ascension of his cousin, Sultan Ahmed III.