A strong perfect graph is a type of graph in which the chromatic number equals the size of the largest clique in the graph for every induced subgraph. This means that the minimum number of colors needed to color the graph's vertices is the same as the number of vertices in the largest complete subgraph. Strong perfect graphs are a special case of perfect graphs, which have similar properties. These graphs were characterized by Chudnovsky, Robertson, Seymour, and Thomas in 2006. Their work established that strong perfect graphs can be recognized efficiently, making them important in graph theory and its applications, such as scheduling and network design.