Statistical measures are tools used to summarize and analyze data. They help us understand the characteristics of a dataset by providing insights into its central tendency, variability, and distribution. Common statistical measures include the mean, median, and mode, which indicate the average, middle, and most frequent values, respectively. In addition to central tendency, measures of variability, such as range, variance, and standard deviation, show how spread out the data points are. These measures help identify patterns and trends, making it easier to draw conclusions and make informed decisions based on the data at hand.