Sriwijaya was a powerful maritime kingdom that flourished from the 7th to the 13th century in Southeast Asia, primarily located on the island of Sumatra in present-day Indonesia. It was known for its strategic position along trade routes, which allowed it to control commerce between China, India, and other regions. The kingdom's influence extended over a vast area, including parts of the Malay Peninsula and the Java Sea. The capital of Sriwijaya was Palembang, which became a major center for trade and culture. The kingdom was also notable for its advancements in Buddhism, as it became a hub for Buddhist learning and scholarship. Sriwijaya's decline began in the 13th century, largely due to the rise of rival powers and changing trade routes.