The family Spheniscidae, commonly known as penguins, consists of flightless birds primarily found in the Southern Hemisphere. They are well-adapted to life in the water, with their wings evolved into flippers that aid in swimming. Penguins are known for their distinctive black and white plumage, which provides camouflage while swimming. There are 18 species of penguins, ranging from the large Emperor Penguin to the smaller Little Blue Penguin. Penguins primarily feed on fish, squid, and krill, using their excellent swimming abilities to catch prey. They are social animals, often living in large colonies for breeding and protection.