The Special Theory of Relativity, proposed by Albert Einstein in 1905, revolutionized our understanding of space and time. It states that the laws of physics are the same for all observers, regardless of their relative motion. This theory introduces the idea that the speed of light in a vacuum is constant and does not change, even if the source of light is moving. One of the key implications of this theory is the concept of time dilation, which means that time can pass at different rates for observers in different frames of reference. As an object approaches the speed of light, time appears to slow down for it compared to a stationary observer.