Special Protection Areas (SPAs) are designated regions within the European Union aimed at conserving bird species and their habitats. They are part of the Birds Directive, which seeks to protect wild birds and their nesting sites, ensuring that these areas provide safe environments for breeding, feeding, and migration. SPAs are selected based on scientific criteria, focusing on the presence of vulnerable or threatened bird species. These areas help maintain biodiversity and promote sustainable land use, balancing ecological needs with human activities. Conservation efforts in SPAs contribute to the overall health of ecosystems and the protection of wildlife.