"Spanish rule" refers to the period when Spain controlled various territories around the world, particularly in the Americas, from the late 15th century until the early 19th century. This era began with the arrival of Christopher Columbus in 1492 and led to the establishment of Spanish colonies in regions such as Mexico, Peru, and the Caribbean. The Spanish government imposed its language, culture, and religion, primarily Catholicism, on the indigenous populations. During this time, the Spanish crown implemented a system of governance that included viceroys and local officials to manage the colonies. The economy was largely based on agriculture and mining, with significant exports of silver and sugar. However, Spanish rule also faced resistance and revolts, ultimately leading to independence movements across Latin America in the early 19th century.