The term "Spanish Cortes" refers to the legislative assemblies in Spain, historically responsible for advising the monarchy and enacting laws. These assemblies emerged in the Middle Ages and were composed of representatives from various regions, including the nobility, clergy, and commoners. The Cortes played a crucial role in the development of Spain's political system and governance. In addition to their legislative functions, the Cortes also served as a platform for discussing important national issues, such as taxation and military matters. Over time, their influence waned, especially during the rise of absolute monarchy, but they remain a significant part of Spain's political history, influencing modern institutions like the Cortes Generales.