Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz was a 17th-century Mexican writer, philosopher, and nun, born on November 12, 1648, in San Miguel Nepantla. She is often considered one of the first feminists in the Americas due to her advocacy for women's education and intellectual freedom. Her works include poetry, plays, and essays, reflecting her deep knowledge of literature, science, and theology. In 1667, Sor Juana entered the Carmelite convent in Mexico City, later transferring to the Order of Saint Jerome. Despite facing criticism for her scholarly pursuits, she continued to write and challenge societal norms. Her most famous work, "Respuesta a Sor Filotea de la Cruz," defends women's right to learn and express themselves.