Sonochemistry is the study of chemical reactions that occur under the influence of ultrasound. This technique uses high-frequency sound waves to create intense pressure changes in liquids, leading to the formation of microscopic bubbles. When these bubbles collapse, they generate extreme temperatures and pressures, which can enhance reaction rates and yield unique chemical products. The applications of sonochemistry are diverse, ranging from improving the efficiency of chemical reactions to aiding in the synthesis of nanoparticles. It is also used in fields like pharmaceuticals, environmental science, and materials science, where it can help in breaking down pollutants or creating new materials.