The Somali Empire, also known as the Sultanate of Mogadishu, was a powerful trading state that flourished along the East African coast from the 9th to the 16th centuries. It was known for its strategic location, which facilitated trade between Africa, Arabia, and India. The empire's wealth came from commerce, particularly in goods like ivory, gold, and spices. The empire was characterized by a rich cultural heritage, influenced by Islam and various local traditions. Its cities, such as Mogadishu and Kismayo, became important centers of learning and trade. The decline of the Somali Empire began in the late 16th century due to external pressures and internal conflicts.