Solvothermal synthesis is a chemical process used to create materials, particularly nanoparticles and crystals, by dissolving precursors in a solvent under high temperature and pressure. This method allows for better control over the size, shape, and composition of the resulting materials, making it useful in fields like materials science and nanotechnology. During the process, the solvent acts as a medium that facilitates the reaction, often leading to unique properties in the final product. Common solvents include water, alcohols, and organic solvents, and the method is widely applied in the production of metal oxides, zeolites, and other advanced materials.