Nanoparticles are tiny particles that measure between 1 and 100 nanometers in size. To put this in perspective, a nanometer is one-billionth of a meter, making nanoparticles much smaller than a human hair. Due to their small size, they have unique physical and chemical properties that differ from larger particles, which can make them useful in various applications. These particles are used in fields such as medicine, electronics, and environmental science. For example, in medicine, nanoparticles can deliver drugs directly to targeted cells, improving treatment effectiveness. In electronics, they can enhance the performance of devices, while in environmental science, they can help in cleaning up pollutants.