Solution polymerization is a process where monomers, the building blocks of polymers, are dissolved in a solvent to create a solution. This method allows for better control over the polymerization reaction, as the solvent helps to distribute heat and manage viscosity. The resulting polymer can have specific properties based on the choice of monomers and solvent used. During solution polymerization, the reaction typically occurs at a controlled temperature and pressure, which helps to minimize side reactions. This technique is commonly used in the production of various polymers, including polyethylene and polystyrene, which are essential materials in many industries.