A solar water heater is a device that uses energy from the sun to heat water for various uses, such as bathing, cooking, and cleaning. It typically consists of solar panels that capture sunlight and convert it into heat, which is then transferred to the water stored in a tank. This system can significantly reduce energy costs and reliance on fossil fuels. There are two main types of solar water heaters: active and passive. Active systems use pumps to circulate water, while passive systems rely on natural convection. Both types are environmentally friendly and can be installed in residential or commercial settings to promote sustainable energy use.