A photovoltaic system is a technology that converts sunlight directly into electricity using solar panels. These panels are made up of many small units called solar cells, which are typically made from materials like silicon. When sunlight hits these cells, it creates an electric current that can be used to power homes, businesses, or even feed electricity back into the grid. The main components of a photovoltaic system include the solar panels, an inverter to convert the direct current (DC) produced by the panels into alternating current (AC) for use in homes, and a battery for storing excess energy. This system is a clean and renewable energy source, helping to reduce reliance on fossil fuels and lower greenhouse gas emissions.