Solar activity refers to the various phenomena that occur on the surface of the Sun and in its atmosphere. This includes events like solar flares and coronal mass ejections, which can release vast amounts of energy and charged particles into space. These activities can influence space weather and have effects on Earth, such as disrupting satellite communications and power grids. The intensity of solar activity varies over an approximately 11-year cycle known as the solar cycle. During periods of high activity, the Sun exhibits more sunspots, flares, and other disturbances. Understanding solar activity is crucial for predicting its impact on our technology and environment.