Soil tillage is the agricultural practice of preparing soil for planting by turning it over and breaking it up. This process helps to aerate the soil, improve drainage, and mix in organic matter, which can enhance soil fertility. Tillage can be done using various tools, such as plows and harrows, and can vary in intensity from light to deep. There are different types of tillage, including conventional tillage, reduced tillage, and no-till farming. Each method has its benefits and drawbacks, affecting soil structure, erosion, and moisture retention. Farmers choose a tillage method based on their specific crop needs and environmental conditions.