Soil moisture measurement refers to the process of determining the amount of water present in the soil. This is important for agriculture, gardening, and environmental studies, as it helps in understanding plant health and water availability. Various methods, such as tensiometers, capacitance sensors, and time-domain reflectometry, are used to measure soil moisture levels accurately. Accurate soil moisture data can guide irrigation practices, ensuring that plants receive the right amount of water. It also aids in preventing overwatering, which can lead to root rot and other issues. Monitoring soil moisture is essential for sustainable land management and optimizing crop yields.