Smithsonite is a mineral composed primarily of zinc carbonate (ZnCO₃). It typically forms in a variety of colors, including green, blue, yellow, and pink, often exhibiting a glassy or pearly luster. This mineral is commonly found in the oxidized zones of zinc ore deposits and can occur in botryoidal (grape-like) or stalactitic forms. Named after the British scientist James Smithson, who founded the Smithsonian Institution, smithsonite is an important ore of zinc. It is often used in the production of zinc metal and various zinc compounds, making it significant in industrial applications.