Single-molecule techniques are advanced methods used to study individual molecules rather than bulk samples. These techniques allow scientists to observe the behavior, interactions, and properties of single molecules in real-time, providing insights that are often lost in traditional methods. They are particularly useful in fields like biophysics, biochemistry, and nanotechnology. Common single-molecule techniques include single-molecule fluorescence microscopy and optical tweezers. These methods enable researchers to manipulate and visualize molecules, such as DNA or proteins, at an unprecedented level of detail. This approach has led to significant discoveries in molecular dynamics and interactions, enhancing our understanding of biological processes.