The Sheldon Scale is a psychological framework developed by Dr. William Herbert Sheldon in the 1940s. It categorizes human body types into three primary classifications: endomorph, mesomorph, and ectomorph. Each type is associated with specific physical characteristics and personality traits, suggesting a link between body shape and temperament. The scale is often used in fields like psychology and fitness to understand how body composition may influence behavior and health. While the Sheldon Scale has been influential, it has also faced criticism for oversimplifying human diversity and not accounting for the complexities of genetics and environment.