Sexual reproduction is a biological process where two organisms contribute genetic material to create offspring. This usually involves the fusion of male and female gametes, which are specialized cells like sperm and eggs. The combination of these genetic materials results in a new individual that has traits from both parents, promoting genetic diversity. In many species, including humans, sexual reproduction occurs through mating, where the male and female come together to exchange gametes. This process not only helps in producing varied offspring but also plays a crucial role in evolution, as it allows populations to adapt to changing environments over time.