Sex discrimination occurs when individuals are treated unfairly or unequally based on their sex or gender. This can happen in various settings, including the workplace, education, and healthcare. For example, a woman may be denied a job or promotion simply because of her gender, while a man might face bias in receiving parental leave. Laws such as the Equal Pay Act and Title VII of the Civil Rights Act in the United States aim to protect individuals from sex discrimination. These laws prohibit discriminatory practices and promote equal opportunities, ensuring that everyone has the right to be treated fairly, regardless of their sex.