Serrano peppers are small, green or red chili peppers that originate from the mountainous regions of Mexico. They typically measure about 1 to 4 inches in length and are known for their bright, crisp flavor. Serrano peppers are often used in salsas, sauces, and various dishes to add a moderate level of heat, ranging from 2,500 to 5,000 on the Scoville scale. These peppers are usually harvested when they are green, but they can also be left to ripen to a red color, which enhances their sweetness. Serrano peppers are rich in vitamins A and C, making them a nutritious addition to meals. They can be used fresh, roasted, or pickled, offering versatility in cooking.