During the conflicts in the former Yugoslavia in the 1990s, various groups, including the Serbian military and paramilitary forces, were accused of committing war crimes. These crimes included ethnic cleansing, mass killings, and torture, particularly against Bosniaks and Croats. The most notorious incidents occurred during the Bosnian War, where the siege of Sarajevo and the Srebrenica massacre highlighted the severity of these actions. International bodies, such as the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY), were established to investigate and prosecute these crimes. Several high-ranking officials, including Radovan Karadžić and Ratko Mladić, were convicted for their roles in orchestrating these atrocities, emphasizing the need for accountability in the aftermath of the conflict.