Sequencing technologies are methods used to determine the precise order of nucleotides in a DNA or RNA molecule. These techniques allow scientists to read genetic information, which is crucial for understanding biological processes, diagnosing diseases, and developing treatments. Common sequencing methods include Sanger sequencing and next-generation sequencing (NGS), each with its own advantages and applications. The advancements in sequencing technologies have revolutionized genomics, enabling researchers to sequence entire genomes quickly and affordably. This has led to significant discoveries in fields such as personalized medicine, where genetic information can guide tailored treatments, and evolutionary biology, where it helps trace the lineage of species.