Senegal's history dates back to ancient times, with early civilizations such as the Wolof and Serer people. The region became a significant trade hub in West Africa, connecting various cultures and facilitating the exchange of goods, including gold and salt. In the 15th century, European explorers arrived, leading to the establishment of French colonial rule in the 17th century. Senegal gained independence from France on April 4, 1960, becoming one of the first African nations to do so. The first president, Léopold Sédar Senghor, played a crucial role in promoting national identity and culture. Today, Senegal is known for its rich heritage and vibrant democracy.