The Semipalatinsk Test Site, located in Kazakhstan, was the primary testing ground for the Soviet Union's nuclear weapons from 1949 to 1989. Over 450 nuclear tests were conducted there, making it one of the largest nuclear test sites in the world. The site played a significant role in the development of the Soviet nuclear arsenal during the Cold War. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the site was closed in 1991 due to growing concerns about the environmental and health impacts of nuclear testing. Today, the area is a focus for efforts to promote nuclear disarmament and raise awareness about the consequences of nuclear weapons.