Nuclear testing refers to the process of detonating nuclear weapons to assess their effectiveness and yield. These tests can be conducted underground, underwater, or in the atmosphere. Countries like the United States and Russia have historically performed numerous tests to develop and refine their nuclear arsenals, which has raised concerns about safety and environmental impacts. The effects of nuclear testing can be devastating, leading to long-term radiation exposure and ecological damage. International efforts, such as the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), aim to prohibit all nuclear explosions, promoting global security and reducing the risks associated with nuclear weapons.