A semiconductor is a material that has electrical conductivity between that of a conductor and an insulator. Commonly used in electronic devices, semiconductors are essential for the functioning of components like transistors, diodes, and integrated circuits. They can be found in everyday items such as smartphones, computers, and televisions. The unique properties of semiconductors allow them to control electrical current, making them vital for modern technology. Silicon is the most widely used semiconductor material, but others like germanium and gallium arsenide are also important in specific applications. Their ability to be doped with impurities enhances their conductivity, enabling the creation of complex electronic systems.