The Seljuk Sultan was the title given to the rulers of the Seljuk Empire, which emerged in the 11th century. This empire was a significant medieval power in the Middle East, stretching from Central Asia to the eastern Mediterranean. The Seljuks played a crucial role in the spread of Islam and the establishment of Turkic culture in the region. The most notable Seljuk Sultan was Malik Shah, who reigned from 1072 to 1092. Under his leadership, the empire reached its zenith, promoting advancements in science, art, and architecture. The Seljuk Sultans also established the famous Nizamiyya schools, which contributed to the intellectual life of the Islamic world.