Seed coverings, also known as seed coats, are protective layers that encase seeds. They serve to shield the seed from physical damage, pathogens, and environmental conditions. The thickness and texture of seed coverings can vary widely among different plant species, influencing how seeds germinate and survive in their habitats. In addition to protection, seed coverings play a role in the seed's ability to absorb water and nutrients. Some seed coats are designed to remain dormant until conditions are favorable for germination, while others may require specific environmental triggers, such as temperature changes or fire, to break down and allow the seed to sprout.