Seed biology is the study of seeds, which are the reproductive structures of flowering plants. Seeds contain an embryo, which is the young plant, and a food supply, often stored in the form of starch. They are encased in a protective seed coat that helps prevent damage and desiccation. Seeds play a crucial role in the life cycle of plants, allowing them to reproduce and spread to new locations. The process of seed germination begins when conditions are favorable, such as the right temperature and moisture. During germination, the seed absorbs water, swells, and breaks through the seed coat. The embryo then develops into a seedling, which will grow into a mature plant. Understanding seed biology is essential for agriculture, conservation, and ecology.