Secondary schools are educational institutions that provide education to students typically between the ages of 11 and 18. They follow primary education and prepare students for higher education or vocational training. In many countries, secondary schools are divided into two stages: lower secondary (often called middle school or junior high) and upper secondary, which usually culminates in a diploma or certificate. These schools offer a variety of subjects, including mathematics, science, literature, and history, allowing students to explore different fields of study. Additionally, secondary schools often provide extracurricular activities, such as sports and clubs, to promote social skills and personal development.