The Second Taiwan Strait Crisis occurred in 1958, primarily involving the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Republic of China (ROC) on Taiwan. Tensions escalated when the PRC began shelling the ROC-controlled islands of Kinmen and Matsu, aiming to intimidate Taiwan and assert its claim over the island. In response, the United States increased its military support for Taiwan, including the deployment of naval forces. The crisis highlighted the ongoing conflict between the PRC and ROC, as well as the U.S. commitment to defending Taiwan, ultimately leading to a ceasefire in November 1958.