Seawater desalination is the process of removing salt and other impurities from seawater to produce fresh water. This technology is essential in areas where freshwater resources are scarce, helping to meet the growing demand for drinking water and irrigation. There are several methods of desalination, including reverse osmosis and thermal distillation. Reverse osmosis uses a membrane to filter out salt, while thermal distillation involves heating seawater to create steam, which is then condensed into fresh water. Both methods are increasingly used worldwide to address water shortages.