Desalination is the process of removing salt and other impurities from seawater to make it safe for drinking and irrigation. This technology is especially important in areas where freshwater is scarce, allowing communities to access a reliable water supply. By using methods like reverse osmosis, desalination plants can convert ocean water into clean water for homes and farms. The growing demand for freshwater due to population growth and climate change has made desalination increasingly popular. Countries like Saudi Arabia and Australia have invested heavily in desalination facilities to ensure their citizens have enough water. While it can be expensive and energy-intensive, advancements in technology are making it more efficient and sustainable.