Reverse osmosis is a water purification process that removes impurities by pushing water through a semi-permeable membrane. This membrane allows only water molecules to pass through while blocking larger particles, such as salts, bacteria, and other contaminants. As a result, the purified water is collected on one side, while the unwanted substances are left behind. This technology is commonly used in various applications, including drinking water purification, desalination of seawater, and industrial processes. By effectively filtering out harmful substances, reverse osmosis helps ensure access to clean and safe water for both residential and commercial use.