Screw drive types refer to the various designs of the recess in a screw head that allow for different types of screwdrivers to engage with them. Common types include Phillips, slotted, Torx, and hex. Each design has unique features that provide varying levels of grip and torque, making them suitable for different applications. Phillips screws have a cross-shaped recess, allowing for better alignment and torque transfer. Slotted screws have a single horizontal slot, while Torx screws feature a star-shaped pattern for enhanced grip. Hex screws, often used in furniture assembly, have a hexagonal recess that requires an Allen wrench for installation.