The Scottsboro Boys refers to nine African American teenagers who were falsely accused of raping two white women on a train in Alabama in 1931. Their trial became a significant event in American history, highlighting racial injustice and the legal system's failures. Despite a lack of evidence, the boys were convicted, leading to a series of retrials and appeals that drew national attention. The case sparked widespread protests and became a symbol of the fight against racial discrimination. It also influenced the Civil Rights Movement and prompted changes in legal practices regarding the rights of defendants. The NAACP and other organizations worked to support the boys and challenge the injustices they faced.