Scottish Protestantism refers to the branch of Christianity that emerged in Scotland during the 16th century, primarily influenced by the Reformation. Key figures like John Knox played a significant role in establishing the Presbyterian tradition, which emphasizes a system of church governance by elders. The movement sought to reform the practices of the Roman Catholic Church, advocating for the authority of Scripture and personal faith. Over time, various denominations developed, including the Church of Scotland, which remains a prominent expression of Scottish Protestantism today.