Sclerophyllous forests are characterized by their tough, leathery leaves, which help plants conserve water in dry conditions. These forests typically thrive in regions with a Mediterranean climate, featuring hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters. Common trees in these forests include eucalyptus, oak, and pine species, which are well-adapted to withstand drought. These forests play a crucial role in their ecosystems, providing habitat for various wildlife and contributing to soil stability. They are often found in areas like the Mediterranean Basin, parts of Australia, and California. Sclerophyllous forests are also important for carbon storage and can help mitigate climate change effects.