Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) is a design approach that allows different software applications to communicate and work together. It breaks down complex systems into smaller, reusable services that can be easily integrated. Each service performs a specific function and can be accessed over a network, making it easier for organizations to adapt and scale their technology. In SOA, services are often built around business processes, allowing for greater flexibility and efficiency. For example, a payment processing service can be used by various applications, such as an e-commerce platform or a mobile app. This modular approach helps businesses respond quickly to changing needs and improves overall productivity.